Revelation: The Two Beasts

Revelation 12 closed with the dragon (Satan) making war against the woman (faithful Israel) and the rest of her offspring (Christians including the Gentiles).  Revelation 13 introduces two agents of the dragon in this war.  Two beasts (agents of the dragon) make things difficult for Christians.  Let’s identify them.

The Beast From the Sea (Revelation 13:1-10)

This beast is described as being like a leopard, with feet like a bear, and a mouth like a lion (Revelation 13:2).  This imagery is from Daniel 7.  It is the language of nations.  Let’s notice:

Daniel 2:31-44                                         Daniel 7                                      Revelation 13

Image                                                        Four Beasts                                Beast

1.  Head – gold (Babylon)                      Lion                                             Lion

2.  Chest/Arms – silver (Persia)           Bear                                             Bear

3.  Belly/Thigh-Bronze (Greece)         Leopard                                      Leopard

4.  Legs/Feet-Iron/Clay (Rome)         Iron beast with 10 horns         Sea beast with 10 horns

I believe that Rome is primarily in view. Notice: (1) The beast has seven heads (13:1). The Seven heads represent seven mountains (17:9). Rome was built on seven hills: Palatine, Aventine, Caelian, Esquiline, Viminal, Quirinal, and Capitoline.   (2) The beast is pictured rising up out of the sea (13:1). John Kackelman remarks, “In John’s day the Romans had access to Asia Minor only by sea” (Studies in Revelation, p. 74).

The beast appeared to receive a deadly wound, but it was healed (13:3). Wayne Jackson comments, “It is a matter of historical record that the pagan Roman empire, in the mid-fifth century A.D., was invaded by a number of Barbarian tribes from the north… it is believed by many that Rome’s death-stroke was ‘healed’ by the growing amalgamation between the empire and the corrupt church of that day” (Revelation, p. 78). James Coffman writes, “that death stroke was healed. It did not mean the end of the Roman persecution of God’s people” (Commentary on Revelation, p. 296).

The Beast of The Earth (Revelation 13:11-18)

This beast had the appearance of a lamb, but spoke like a dragon (13:11). Observe this: while Revelation 12 – 13 mentions the dragon, the sea beast, and the earth beast – later, this book speaks of the dragon, the beast, and the false prophet (Rev. 16:13 cf. 19:20; 20:10). The reference is to false or corrupt religion.

Some believe that this refers to “Emperor Worship”. (1) The beast came from the earth. Emperor worship sprang from Asia Minor soil. Smyrna built temples to Tiberius and Hadrian. Pergamum built temples to Augustus, Trajan, Severus. One source writes, “How prevalent was the imperial cult in Asia Minor? Of the seven cities mentioned in Revelation 2 -3, five had imperial priests and altars (all but Philadelphia and Laodicea) and six had imperial temples (all but Thyatira)” (readingacts.wordpress.com/the-roman-cult-of-emperor-worship). (2) This beast caused the earth to worship the first beast (13:12).

Others think this second beast refers to the Roman church (1) James Coffman comments, “When the mortal wound occurred (476 A.D.) the emperor cult had already been out of business for generations, their temples closed their sacrifices severely prohibited, their whole pagan religion outlawed and prescribed by the Roman senate under the leadership of Theodosius… Neither… emperor cult, nor… pagan priesthood… could have been instrumental in the healing of the mortal wound, nor the reincarnation of the beast” (p. 313-314). He understood this beast to be the overgrown Roman church. (2) One may also connect “great signs” (13:13) with “all power and signs and lying wonders” (2 Thessalonians 2:1-12).

 Don’t miss the great point. Persecution would come from two powerful sources: Government, and false religion. These are still the two great sources of religious persecution around the world.

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Revelation: The Two Witnesses, The Woman and The Child

The book of Revelation is a book of symbols. Admittedly, some of these symbols are difficult to discern. However, there are certain points that seem clear. Let’s consider…

The Two Witnesses (Revelation 11)

The reference to two witnesses, no doubt, relates to the need of adequate evidence (Numbers 35:30; Deuteronomy 17:6; 19:5; Matthew 18:15-17; 1 Timothy 5:19-20, 22). Note: Evidence could be counted as a witness (John 5:33, 36; 10:25; 1 John 5:8).

The exact identity of these two witnesses is one of those symbols difficult to discern. Foy Wallace Jr. suggests “The two witnesses are representatives of the prophets and apostles” (The Book of Revelation p. 217). He connects the following passages with Jerusalem and the witness of these men: Matthew 23:31-37; Matthew 24:14; Acts 7:52. John Coffman writhes, “The two witnesses appears to this writer to be definitely and undeniably God’s word and God’s church, those two witnesses indeed being the only two witnesses of God throughout the whole christian age” (Commentary on Revelation, p.239). Wayne Jackson seems to agree, “The two witnesses may be the combined testimony of the Scriptures, along with the example and preaching of the church…Those who attempt to oppose Heaven’s ‘witnesses,’ will only meet the destruction they deserve” (A New Testament Commentary, p. 608). Others have suggested that the two witnesses are The Old Testament and The New Testament. The two witnesses are likened to Elijah and Moses (Revelation 11:6 cf. 1 Kings 17:1; Exodus 7:14-21). Like Elijah and Moses, they provided evidence supporting their message. God was with them supernaturally and providentially.

They were empowered with olive oil, which represents the Holy Spirit (Revelation 11:4 cf. Zechariah 4:6-10, 11, 14). This is what fuels their lampstands. Foy Wallace, Jr. connects the following passages : Matthew 10:18-20; Mark 13:11; Luke 12:12.

They were protected by God until they had finished their testimony (Revelation 11:7). Jesus declared, “this gospel of the Kingdom will be preached in all the world” (Matthew 24:14).

After this, they are killed and disrespected, but in time resurrected and taken to heaven(Revelation 11:11-12). Wayne Jackson commented, “This symbolizes the ultimate victory of truth over error” (p. 188). John Kachelman Jr. commented, “The message – remain faithful to God; when the time is completed reward is assured” (Revelation, p. 66). The crown of life belongs to the faithful (Revelation 2:10). “For Your sake we are killed all day long and accounted as sheep for the slaughter. Yet in all these things we are more than conquerors through Him who loved us” (Romans 8:36-37).

Notice that it is the city of Jerusalem that did this to the witnesses (Revelation 11:8). This fits what Jesus said that Jerusalem would do to the prophets and apostles (cf. Luke 11:49-51; Matthew 23:34-38).

The Woman and Child (Revelation 12)

The characters: (1) The woman. (a) some see her as Mary. (b) Some understand the woman as Israel, faithful Israel, which would include Mary (cf. Genesis 37:9-10; Isaiah 26:17; 66:7-8; Micah 5:2-3). This fits the context better.  (2) The child – the child is Christ (Revelation 12:5; cf. 2:27 cf. Psalm 2, cf. Acts 13:33). (3) The dragon is Satan (cf. Revelation 12:9).

The dragon tried to destroy the child (Revelation 12:4). (a) If the woman is Mary, the reference is obvious (Matthew 2:13). (b) If the woman is Israel, then this may include other attempts to destroy God’s plan (cf. Exodus 1:16-22).

The woman was protected in the wilderness (Revelation 12:6, 13-16). (a) If the woman is Mary, the reference is to the flight into Egypt (Matthew 2:13-14). (b) If the woman is Israel, then included may be other things, such as the Exodus. It may also include how faithful Israel was protected by God when Jerusalem fell (Matthew 24:15-16; Luke 21:20-21).

The dragon, unable to prevent the birth or ascension of the child went after the woman and her offspring (Revelation 12:17). This clearly better fits faithful Israel. John Kackelman, Jr. commented, “Having failed to destroy Christ…Satan focused his attack upon faithful Israel. The flood seems to refer to persecution” (p. 73).

They were a part of a great spiritual war. The key to victory – “They overcame by the blood of the Lamb and by the word of their testimony, and they did not love their lives to the death” (Revelation 12:11). While many details are difficult, it is important for us to remember that the key to our victory is much the same.

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What Does the Lord Require?

God has given many commandments. It is said that the Old Covenant contained 613 commandments Israelites were to follow. It is said that the New Covenant contains 1,050 commandments Christians are to follow. Whatever the numbers, God has given many commandments.

How can we summarize these commandments? What is it that God requires of man? Let’s consider Micah 6:6-8 which seems to provide a good summary.

With what shall I come before the LORD, and bow myself before the High God? Shall I come before Him with burnt offerings, with calves a year old? Will the LORD be pleased with thousands of rams, ten thousand rivers of oil?” (Micah 6:6-7a).

It is true that it was God who required the Israelites offer animal sacrifices (e.g. Exodus 12:5; Leviticus 9:2-3). It is true that it was God who required oil to be used in some offerings (e.g. Leviticus 6:14-15; 9:3-4; 24:1). These things He did require.

However, He has always wanted more than ritualistic sacrifice. Such is not what He ultimately sought. Sacrifice without obedience does not please Him (1 Samuel 15:22; Hosea 6;6-8; Amos 5:21-24; Micah 6:6-8). Sacrifice without a heart for Him does not please Him (Isaiah 29:13;Matthew 15:8; Psalm 51:16-19).

He did not need man to give Him the animals themselves. Remember, they already belonged to Him (Psalm 24:1; 50:10-12).

Shall I give my firstborn for my transgression, the fruits of my body for the sin of my soul?” (Micah 6:7b).

What can man possibly offer to God for the propitiation of sin? Does God require the sacrifice of one’s firstborn child? Some misguided people have so sacrificed their children. Abraham said, “the LORD will provide” and so He did, and so He would through Jesus.

David Limbaugh has written, “Theologian Millard Erickson responds to the argument that it is unfair to have substituted His Son to bear our penalty. He considers the analogy of a judge imposing a penal sentence on an innocent bystander instead of the just-convicted defendant. The analogy fails, says Erickson, because God didn’t impose the sentence on some innocent third-party; He imposed it on Himself” (Jesus on Trial, p. 72). We should keep in mind that while it is true that there is a distinction to be made between God the Father and Jesus the Son (John 8:16); Jesus is God (John 1:1-3, 14; Romans 9:5; Titus 2:13).

He has shown you, O man, what is good; and what does the LORD require of you but to do justly, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with your God?” (Micah 6:8).

God requires three things of man. (1) We are to do justly (justice NASB). Homer Hailey commented that to do justly “is to act toward God and man according to the divine standard of righteousness revealed in His law” (A Commentary on the Minor Prophets, p. 214). We are expected to strive to live our lives according to the book. This is not sinless perfection, but a manner of life. We are to treat others fairly, according to God’s instructions (cf. Matthew 7:12). (2) We are to love mercy (kindness NASB). Homer Hailey commented that this “is to show a compassionate warmness toward man” (ibid). Mercy is the outward manifestation of pity. It is kindness toward those in need. We are to exhibit such toward those in physical need (cf. Luke 10:30-37) and toward those in spiritual need (cf. Galatians 6:1-2). Moreover, we are to be kind and forgiving of others (Ephesians 4:32). (3) We are to walk humbly with our God. Homer Hailey commented that this means, “to recognize the absolute holiness and righteousness of God, and to walk in humble and submissive obedience to His desire and will” (ibid). It is with this attitude one is to worship Him and keep His commandments. The prophet Amos asked, “Can two walk together unless they are agreed?” (Amos 3:3).

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Revelation: The Twenty-four Elders and The Four Living Creatures

Twenty-four elders and four living creatures are mentioned in Revelation 4 and 5. They are engaged in worshipping. They say, “Holy, holy, holy Lord God Almighty, who was and is and is to come!… You are worthy, O Lord, to receive glory and honor and power; for You created all things, and by Your will they exist and were created. Worthy is the Lamb who was slain to receive power and riches and wisdom and strength and honor and glory and blessing! Blessing and honor and glory and power be to Him who sits on the throne, and to the Lamb, forever and ever!” (Revelation 4:8; 4:11; 5:12, 13).

The twenty-four elders

Consider their dress. (1) They are clothed in white robes (Revelation 4:4). This is language of victory. They had overcome (cf. white garments, Revelation 3:4, 5). (2) The are crowned (Revelation 4:4, 4:10). The term for crown (Stephanos) refers to a victor’s crown (Vine’s). This is language of victory (cf. crown Revelation 2:10; 3:11). This is language of faithfulness (cf. Revelation 2:10; 3:11). This is the redeemed (Revelation 5:9).

What is the significance of 24? There were 24 divisions of the priesthood (1 Chronicles 24). We are His priests (1 Peter 2:5, 9). Let me suggest to you that much of the book of Revelation is of temple imagery [(a) There is a throne (Revelation 4:3). The mercy-seat was considered the throne of God (1 Samuel 4:4). The ark was called the ark of Jehovah (Joshua 4:11), and the ark of God (1 Samuel 3:3). It represented God’s presence (Numbers 10:33, 35-36; Joshua 6:6-8; 7:6-7; 1 Samuel 4:3,4, 7; 6:19-20; 1 Chronicles 16:4, 37). (b) There is a sacrificial lamb (Revelation 5:6, 8, 12: 12:11, etc.). (c) There is incense (Revelation 5:8; 8:3-4). This was a part of the temple (Exodus 30:1 cf. Luke 1:9-10). (d) There is a lampstand of seven lamps (Revelation 1:12; 1:20; 4:5). This too was a part of the temple/tabernacle system (Exodus 25:37; 27:20 cf. Hebrews 9:2). (e) There is a sea (Revelation 4:6). There are some who think this refers to the laver (1 Kings 7:23-ff; 2 Chronicles 4:2-ff)].

The Four Creatures

Consider their facial description: lion, calf, man, eagle (Revelation 4:7). This sounds like cherubim (Ezekiel 1:4-14 cf. 10:15, 20). Moreover, they have six wings (Revelation 4:8). This sounds like seraphim (Isaiah 6:1-5 cf. Ezekiel 1:6). Clearly, these are Heavenly creatures.

Cherubim were definitely a part of the tabernacle temple system. (1) There were above the mercy-seat (Exodus 25:19-20). God is said to dwell between Cherubim (Numbers 7:8-9; 1 Samuel 4:4; 2 Samuel 6:2; 2 Kings 19:15; Isaiah 37:16). (2) They were on the veil (Exodus 26:1. (3) They were on the temple walls (1 Kings 6:29).

Cherubim have indicated in the past separation from God. Cherubim were placed in the garden to keep man from the Tree of Life (Genesis 3:24). Cherubim on the veil (Exodus 26:1), no doubt reminded man that there was separation. Only the High Priest was allowed into the Most Holy Place, and even he could only enter one day per year (Hebrews 9:7 cf. Exodus 30:10; Leviticus 16:2, 11, 12, 15, 34).

Today, the veil has been removed (Hebrews 10:20-22). The Tree of Life is accessible (Revelation 2:7; 22:1-2, 14). Righteous men and Heavenly creatures join in the praise of God.

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Revelation: The Seven Lampstands, Incense and Harps

The book of Revelation is a book of symbols. The message was signified (Revelation 1:1). While some of the symbols may be difficult, there are many great lessons which are fairly easy to discern. Let us notice…

The Seven Lampstands

“Then I turned to see the voice that spoke with me and having turned, I saw seven golden lampstands.” (Revelation 1:12). What are the lampstands? We are not left to guess. We are informed, “the seven lampstands which you saw are the seven churches” (Revelation 1:20). This is tabernacle/temple imagery (Exodus 25:31-40; 27:20-21; Hebrews 9:2; 1 Kings 7:48-49). Much of the book is written in this imagery.

Lampstands have a purpose, and that purpose is to bear light. Jesus is “the true light” (John 1:9); “the light of the world” (John 8:12; 9:5). The church is to be the bearer of this light. Jesus spoke of the purpose of the lampstand saying “Nor do they light a lamp and put it under a basket, but on a lampstand, and it gives light to all who are in the house” (Matthew 5:15). We should let His light shine through our lives (Matthew 5:16; Philippians 2:14-16).

The lampstand was costly. It was made from a talent of pure gold (Exodus 37:17-24). At $1,500/ounce (for round figures) the lampstands value (calculated in gold alone) would be $1.8 million. Now, consider the purchase price of the church (Acts 20:28; 1 Peter 1:18-19).

Incense

Incense is mentioned (Revelation 5:8; 8:3-4). Again, there is no need for speculation. The image is explained. This is the prayers of the saints (Revelation 5:8). This too is tabernacle/temple imagery. Incense was offered in the Holy Place (Exodus 30:6-9). However, it wafted into the Most Holy Place, which represented the presence of God (Numbers 7:8-9; 1 Samuel 4:4; 2 Samuel 6:2; 2 Kings 19:15; Isaiah 37:16) Our prayers come before God’s presence! (Revelation 8:4).

Homer Hailey remarked concerning Revelation 8, “If incense symbolized the prayers of the saints in 5:8, could not the incense of 8:3, which was added to the prayers of the saints, have been the intercession of Christ, and the Holy Spirit being added to them? This I believe” (Prayer and Providence, p. 52).

Wayne Jackson remarked, “Does God really listen to the prayers of his people? Some of those early Christians, literally bathed in their own blood, must have wondered at times. This context, though, explicitly states that ‘the prayers of the saints went up before God.’ God listens to his people” (Revelation, p. 178).

Harps

Harps are mentioned (Revelation 5:8; 14:2; 15:2-3). Remember, this is figurative language. Incense represents the prayers of the saints (Revelation 5:8). We should not conclude that harps mean harps. Harps represent worship. It is depicted in tabernacle/temple imagery (1 Chronicles 25:1, 6; 2 Chronicles 5:12; 9:11; 20:28, etc.)

They are pictured singing the song of Moses (Revelation 15:2-3; cf. 14:3). Moses and the children of Israel sang to the Lord (Exodus 15) following their salvation by baptism (Exodus 14:13, 30 cf. 1 Corinthians 10). Shouldn’t we?

 

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In The News: Marriage Mistakes

The Huffington Post ran an article on December 29, 2014 by Sloane Bradshaw entitled, “4 Huge Mistakes I Made as a Wife (I’m The Ex-Wife Now).” Here is her list…

1.  I put my children first.

She wrote, “Whenever my marriage started to feel like work, I would check-out and head to Build-A-Bear Workshop or the science museum with the kids in tow… we were hardly alone together and never had kid-free date nights. Well, maybe once a year on our anniversary.”

It seems significant that, in the Bible, time and again the husband-wife relationship is mentioned before the parent-child relationship. “Wives, submit to your own husbands… Husbands love your wives… children, obey your parents… fathers, do not provoke your children to wrath” (Ephesians 5:22-6:4). “Wives, submit to your own husbands… husbands, love your wives… children obey your parents… Fathers, do not provoke your children” (Colossians 3:18-21). “Admonish the young women to love their husbands, to love their children” (Titus 2:4). If such is not clear enough, let us return to creation. “A man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and they shall become one flesh” (Genesis 2:24). God’s design is for the husband-wife relationship to surpass even the parent-child relationship.

2. I didn’t set (or enforce) boundaries with my parents.

She wrote, “They were at our house frequently, sometimes arriving unannounced and walking right in. They’d ‘help out’ around the house doing things we never asked them to…we’d vacation with them. They’d correct our children in front of us. My own fears of upsetting my parents kept me from drawing a line in the sand and asking them not to cross it.”

While it is true that there is to be a care and concern for parents even when the child enters adulthood (1 Timothy 5:4, 8, 16; Mark 7:6-13; Proverbs 23:22), there is also to be a leaving of parents and a joining to one’s spouse (Genesis 2:24; Matthew 19:5-6). That is – the home is to be a discrete, autonomous unit.

What is the role of the in-laws? Bill Flat suggested, “In-laws should make themselves available for help when needed without trying to control the young couple” (editors Garland Elkins and Thomas Warren, The Home As God Would Have It, p. 113).

3.  I emasculated him.

She wrote, “Instead of building up his ego, I trampled all over it. I belittled him often, saying his job was unimportant and dismissing his friends as ‘hangers-on.’ I berated him for doing things wrong when, in all honesty, he wasn’t doing them my way. At times, I spoke to him like a child… I found myself constantly looking for faults and mistakes so that I could justify my superiority. By the end I had zero respect for him and I made sure he knew it and felt it every day.”

How should we use our tongues? “Let no corrupt word proceed out of your mouth, but what is good for necessary edification that it may impart grace to the hearers” (Ephesians 4:29). “Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and evil speaking be put away from you, with all malice” (Ephesians 5:32). The Golden Rule should guide our speech (Matthew 7:12). We are told of the virtuous woman, “She opens her mouth with wisdom, and on her tongue is the law of kindness” (Proverbs 31:26). Her husband also shows kindness with his words, notice: “Her husband… he praises her; ‘Many daughters have done well, but you excel them all’” (Proverbs 31:28-29).

4.  I didn’t bother to learn to fight the right way.

She wrote, “I tended to keep the peace in our house by keeping my mouth shut when things were really bothering me. As you can imagine, all of the small things that drove me crazy grew into a giant suppressed ball of anger that would erupt occasionally in a huge, really frightening hulk-like rage, I mean rage in the clinical, mental-health definition kind of way.”

When there is a real or imagined wrong, communication is needed. The Bible says, “If your brother sins against you, go and tell him his fault between you and him alone…” (Matthew 18:15). Silence does not help. Silence may communicate that there exists some problem. However, it does not clearly communicate what the problem is; nor, does it help resolve the situation.

When there exists a strong disagreement, or anger, we need to especially be careful with our words, so that we do not needlessly escalate the matter. “A soft answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger” (Proverbs 15:1). Our words are to be with grace, seasoned with salt (Colossians 4:6).

When an issue is being discussed, we should stay on topic. We should not bring up side issues which are not the real issue. We certainly should not bring up past issues which have been supposedly forgiven. “He who covers a transgression seeks love, but he who repeats a matter separates friends” (Proverbs 17:9). Love “bears all things” (1 Corinthians 13:7). The word translated “bear” means, “To cover, to keep confidential…” (Arndt-Gingrich); “To cover, to protect by covering…” (Thayer); “Primarily, to protect or preserve by covering” (Vine’s). Adam Clark commented, “Love conceals everything which should be concealed.”

We should be forgiving. “If your brother sins against you, rebuke him: and if he repents, forgive him. And if he sins against you seven times in a day and seven times in a day returns to you saying, ‘I repent,’ you shall forgive him” (Luke 17:3-4). It is a sin to be implacable (Romans 1:31).

The wise do not send the majority of their time rehashing the problem. They spend their time looking for solutions. There are three appropriate questions we should ask ourselves: (1) Are we willing to do what is right? (2) Are we willing to do what is right, right now? (3) Are we willing to let the Bible determine what is right?

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Biblical Prophecy vs. Non-Biblical Future Predictors

The difference between Bible prophecy and the predictions of men and women such as Nostradamus, Joseph Smith, William Miller, Jean Dixon, as well as that of modern-day fortune tellers is as contrasting as night and day.  Let us notice just a few differences.

First, the prophecies of the Bible are not vague, and untestable.  Kenny Barfield has written, “…we know that the responses were often garbled, capable of multiple meanings, and easily misinterpreted.  1. Perhaps the most famous oracular response to an inquiry by Lydia’s King Croesus attempted to learn the outcome of a battle with Persia, he was informed that such a war would destroy a great empire.  Regardless of the outcome, the oracle was protected.  Croesus did attack (thinking that the great empire to fall was Persia – B.H.).  He was defeated.”  [The Prophet Motive: Examining the Reliability of the Biblical Prophets (Gospel Advocate Company, Nashville, TN 1995) pages 198-199].  2. Jean Dixon said of the 1960 Presidential elections, “the symbol of the Presidency is directly over the head of Richard Nixon but unless the Republican party really gets out there and puts forth every effort it will topple.”  [Josh McDowell and Don Stewart, Handbook of Today’s Religions (Here’s Life Publishers Inc., San Bernardino CA 1983) page 183].  Leaves a bit of wiggle room, doesn’t it?  Nostradamus and a great many modern-day fortune-tellers are very vague, ambiguous, evasive, and absent of specifics.  Bible prophecy is different.  The Bible is specific about coming kingdoms.  It calls Cyrus by name before his birth.  It’s specific about the time frame and place of Jesus’s birth.  It specifies how He was to die.  Bible prophecy is testable.

Second, Bible prophecy never fails (Deuteronomy  18:22; Ezekiel 33:33, etc.).  1. (a) On December  25, 1832, Joseph Smith predicted that civil war would occur between North and South.  But, he went beyond that saying that this war would be “poured out on all nations” and result in “a full end of all nations” (Doctrine and Covenants – section 87).  Such did not happen.  (b) Kenny Barfield also writes about Smith, “perhaps the must unusual of Smith’s predictions appear in the journal of Oliver B. Huntington.  Huntington has become one of the devoted disciples.  He recorded that Smith predicted there were people living on the moon who grew to be approximately six feet tall, dressed like quakers and lived to be 1,000 years old” (Barfield, page 218).  Make up your own mind!  2. Jean Dixon missed it predicting: (a) World War III would begin in 1954; (b) Red China would be admitted into the United Nations in 1958 (it didn’t happen until 1971); (c) The Vietnam War would end in 1966 (it ended in 1975); (d) On October 19, 1968, she predicted Jacqueline Kennedy was not thinking about marriage and the next day Mrs. Kennedy married Aristotle Onassis; (e) In 1970 she predicted Castro would be overthrown from Cuba and would have to leave the island (hasn’t occurred yet).  But, someone has said, “I thought Jean Dixon did have some predictions come true”?  As someone has said, “Fire enough shots, riflemen agree, and eventually you will hit the bull’s eye” (McDowell, page 183).  3. It is well documented, and historically know that William Miller set forth specific dates in the 1800’s for the Lord’s return.  The dates came and went but nothing happened.  4. Astrologer James Braha announced in 1986 that U.S. Senator John Glenn of Ohio would be elected president in 1988.  The Senator never even entered the race (Barfield, page 210).  5. Barfield also writes of Nostradamus, “Even in an enigmatic sense, Nostradamus never approached perfection.  When his predictions do become understandable, they are often wrong. (a) For instance, he predicted he would die in November 1567.  He did not.  His death came in July 1566, nearly 17 months before the date he predicted.  (b) He told Queen Catherine de Medic that all her sons would serve as kings.  They did not.”  (Barfield, page 214).  Biblical prophecy never failed.  Joshua 22:45 reads: “There failed not ought of any good thing which the Lord had spoken unto the house of Israel; all came to pass” (Also see Joshua 23:14).  So it is.  God does not lie (Titus 1:2).  He keeps His word.  It does not fail.

Third, Biblical prophecy is not based upon the obvious.  It is not based upon things we can look at now and kind of see what will happen.  It does not make future predictions based upon past events in history or present conditions.  But, modern-day prophets do.  1. When Joseph Smith made his prediction about the coming Civil War, he was simply reflecting the fears of the times.  Barfield has written, “If Smith offered his prophecy on December 25, 1832 (“if” – refers to a question of when exactly this prophecy came forth it may have been given much later – B.H.), he merely reflected widespread public opinion.  Worthy of note was a front page editorial in the Painesville Telegraph and the Geauga Free Press, a newspaper published only a few miles from Smith’s temporary home in Kirtland, Ohio.  Four days before Smith’s prophecy, the paper criticized Georgia and South Carolina, noting their action, “aiming at once an armed rebellion and civil war”… at the time Smith made his prophecy, the nation expected a war between North and South to begin at the rebellion of South Carolina” (Barfield, page 219).  2. Jean Dixon predicted that the victor of the 1960 Presidential election would either die in office or be assassinated.  But, these words appeared in McDowell’s book, “Such a surmise was not illogical for anyone who has studied recent American history.  William McKinley was assassinated a year after the turn of the century.  Warren Gamaliel Harding and Franklin Delano Roosevelt died in office, and during Harry S. Truman’s tenure, an attempt was made on his life.  Moreover, the normal burdens of the presidency are such that it is commonly regarded as a “man-killing” office.  Woodrow Wilson and Dwight Eisenhower were critically ill during their terms.  Unfortunately for the nation, the odds against Mrs. Dixon’s prophecy being fulfilled were not to great – 7 to 3 based on 20th century experience (to that point – B.H.).”  (Quote found in McDowell’s book, page 182).  True prophecy is not getting on TV the day before the Super Bowl and making an educated guess.  It is not looking at world events and saying, “I think we’ll go to war in the next two years with Iraq, or somewhere in the Middle east.”  (I wrote this article several years ago am I a prophet or what??) It is not making an educated stock market prediction for the coming year.  Bible prophecy is not like that.  Bible prophecy names things not obvious or intellectually predictable (The rise of a nation to be a world power when the nation in view is not a nation or an independent people, the virgin birth, etc.).  Bible prophecy, many times, concern things many, many years in the future (critics of the Bible try to redate prophecies, but God has historically protected against this.  The LXX version of the Old Testament historically came out in the 3rd century B.C., yet that version does contain minute, detailed prophecy about the coming Christ and His kingdom).  Bible prophecy at times occurred centuries before fulfillment.

Study Bible prophecy.  Such will no doubt be a faith-building exercise for you.

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Jesus Only Baptism

The doctrine of some “oneness Holiness” groups is that the correct formula, or wording, must be said by the preacher baptizing you, or your baptism is invalid. According to them only words such as these are to be said: “I baptize you in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ,” though the exact wording may vary between groups.

Financial rewards have been offered to anyone that can find that passages where the apostles ever baptized anyone, saying over them, “I baptize you in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost.” They conclude that since no such passage can be found, it is therefore error, and even sin to so baptize.

They argue that all of the baptisms recorded in the New Testament were performed in the name of Jesus only. See Acts 2:38; 8:16; 10:48; 19:5. They believe very strongly that they have discovered a consistent pattern.

In response: first, I would suggest that their consistent pattern isn’t nearly as consistent as they think. Let us look closer at the aforementioned records of baptisms. (A) Acts 2:38, “…be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ…” The preposition is epi. The literal meaning is “…be baptized on or upon the name of Jesus Christ.” (B) Acts 8:16, “…they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.” The preposition is eis. The literal meaning is, “…they were baptized into the name of the Lord Jesus.” (C) Acts 10:48, “…he commanded them to be baptized in the name of the Lord.” Watch the fact that the words “Jesus” and “Christ” are missing. The preposition is en. The literal meaning is “…be baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.” (D) Acts 19:5, “…they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.” The preposition is eis. The literal meaning is, “…they were baptized into the name of the Lord Jesus Christ.” It is similar to Acts 8:16.

The wordings are different. They are not consistent. Three out of four of these wordings are clearly different. Moreover, there is a world of difference between being baptized into Jesus’ name and being baptized in, on, or upon the name of Jesus. The wording to be baptized in, on, or upon the name of Jesus means to be baptized in accordance to, or on, or based upon the authority of Jesus. Thayer – “by the commandment and authority of …” The words, “in the name of” or “on the name of” is a wording of authority. But to be baptized “into the name of” Jesus has a distinct and different meaning. The words “into the name” is a common Greek wording for possession.

“Okay, Bryan, however it must be admitted that every one of these divers wordings has a reference to Jesus, not the Father or the Holy Ghost. Maybe we should only say Jesus’ name when baptizing?”

This brings us to my second point. Where is the passage which says what was said by the preacher when baptizing? You will not find it! All of the aforementioned passages inform us what was done (they were baptized into the name of Jesus), or what the people were to do (be baptized on the name of Jesus), but not what was said.

Colossians 3:17 reads, “Whatsoever ye do in word or deed, do all in the name of the Lord Jesus” (The preposition is en – literally meaning ‘in’). Does this refer to what we are to say, or what we are to do? Does anyone take this to mean that before we do anything (read the paper, open the door, start the car, etc.) we must say the right words over the activity (i.e. – “In the name of the Lord Jesus I put my clothes on)? Of course not! The meaning is simply that we are to have Jesus’ authority for what we do. Even so, to be baptized in the name of Jesus – simply means to submit oneself to this act, having recognized Jesus’ authority, and based upon His authority.

There is no record of what any of the first century preachers said when baptizing. One could scripturally baptize without saying anything –  though, a preacher normally does say something to remind the one being baptized and others present what is taking place.

My third argument is found in Matthew 28:18-20. Verse 19 reads, “baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.” The preposition is eis.  The wording literally is, “…baptizing them into the name of…” This wording was used of possession. Ed Wharton wrote that this was “a common phrase for transference of ownership” (The Church of Christ, pp.46-47) . Arndt-Gingrich said “through baptism…the one baptized becomes the possession of and comes under the protection of the one whose name he bears.”  But, here is my point: If the Holy Spirit could record for us that Jesus said that this is what is to be done, then how could we err in repeating these same words?

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Jesus Bridged the Gap

“I watched them tearing a building down, a gang of men in a busy town, / with a ho-heave-ho and lusty yell, they swung a boom and a sidewall fell. / I asked the foreman, ‘Are these men skilled, as the men you’d hire if you had to build?’ / He laughed and said, ‘No, indeed! Just common labor is all I need. / I can easily wreck in a day or two what builders have taken a year to do.’ / And I thought to myself as I went my way, which of these two roles have I tried to play? / Am I a builder who works with care, measuring life by rule and square? / Am I shaping my deeds by well-made plan, patiently doing the best I can? / Or am I a wrecker who walks the town content with the labor of tearing down?” (Wrecker or Builder, author unknown).

Jesus spent his life building bridges. Let’s notice…

1.  The Racial Gap

In Jesus’ day, the Jews had “no dealings with the Samaritans” (John 4:9). The hatred ran so deeply that most went out of their way to avoid Samaria. The direct route between Galilee and Judea went through Samaria. However, many Jews nearly doubled their travel time by bypassing Samaria.

Jesus was different. He traveled through Samaria (John 4:1-ff; Luke 9:51-56; Luke 17:11-ff). He even healed a Samaritan (Luke 17:11-ff). He pointed out proper behavior in a Samaritan (Luke 17:11-19). He told a story which emphasized a Samaritan’s mercy (Luke 10:25-27).

Jesus’ lack of prejudice is seen with other peoples as well. He said of a Roman, “I have not found such great faith, not even in Israel” (Matthew 8:5-10). He said of a Syro-Phoenician Greek, “O woman great is your faith…” (Matthew 15:21-18 cf. Mark 7:26).

He reminded the Jews of how God, through His prophets, had shown kindness to a Sidonian and to a Syrian (Luke 4:24-27).

2.  The Gender Gap

Throughout history, there have been those who have despised women. This was true in ancient Greece. “To the question of Socrates: ‘Is there anyone with whom you converse less with than with the wife?’ his pupil, Aristobulus replies: ‘No one, or at least very few’” (Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Vol. 2, p. 355). “Socrates thanked the gods daily that he was born neither a slave or a woman” (J.W. McGarvey, The Fourfold Gospel, p. 150). This was true in the Roman Republic and the early Roman Empire. “She became the living property of a husband who could lend her out, as Cato lent his wife to his friend Hortensius, and Augustus. As Augustus took Livia from Tiberius Nero… he exercised the jurisdiction of life and death” (Schaff, page 357).

Jesus was different. He talked with women and treated them with respect. He spoke with a Samaritan woman, early in His ministry (John 4:6-ff). We are told that His disciples, “Marveled that He talked with a woman” (John 4:27). He had compassion for a widow from Nain (Luke 7:11-ff). He spoke of a woman’s great faith (Matthew 15:21-28). He commended the giving of a poor widow (Luke 21:1-4). He said of Mary, the sister of Martha and Lazarus, who anointed Him, “She has done what she could… Assuredly, I say to you, wherever this Gospel is preached in the whole world, what this woman has done will also be told as a memorial to her” (Mark 14:8-9; cf. John 12:1-3; 11:1-2). This same Mary also sat a Jesus’ feet and learned from Him (Luke 10:38-42). Jesus appeared first to women after His resurrection [1. Mary Magdalene (Mark 16:9; John 20:14-18); 2. Other women (Matthew 28:9-10)].

3.  The Generation Gap

It was difficult to be a child in the first century world. Philip Schaff described parenting in the Roman Empire saying, “Another radical evil of heathen family life… throughout the extent of the Roman Empire, was the absolute tyrannical authority of the parent over the children, extending even to the power of life and death, and placing the adult son of a Roman citizen on a level with moveable things and slaves… with this was connected the… monstrous custom of exposing poor, sickly, and deformed children to a cruel death, or in many cases to a life of slavery” (p. 360). F.W. Mattox also described the time saying, “The destruction of the newborn infant was common. A sickly or deformed child was drowned at birth, and the fate of the normal child was solely in the hands of the father. The exposure of girl babies was common enough that there were professionalists who gathered them up and reared them until they could be sold into slavery” (The Eternal Kingdom, p. 23). Things were much better in Israel. However, even there, children were disdained by some. This is seen in John’s work “to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children” (Luke 1:18). It is also seen in the disciples rebuke of parents bringing their children to Jesus (Matthew 19:13).

Jesus was different. He had time for children. He used children as an example of the humble disposition one should have (Matthew 18:1-5). He instructed His disciples, “Let the little children come to Me, and do not forbid them; for as such is the kingdom of heaven” (Matthew 19:14).

 4.  The Social Gap

Many had no time for the physically challenged and those of the low-end of the socio-economic ladder. When two blind men cried out, “Have mercy on us, O Lord, Son of David!” – The multitude told them to be quiet (Matthew 20:29-34).

Jesus had time for them. He had compassion on them and healed them (Matthew 20:34).

 5.  The Character Gap

Many Jews were self-righteous. They considered themselves too good to associate with those of questionable or sinful character (Luke 5:27-32; 7:36-47; 15:1-32).

Jesus knew that He could not help people unless He was with them. He said, “Those who are well have no need of a physician, but those who are sick. I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners, to repentance” (Luke 5:31-32). Those who would not forgive and rejoice when a sinner returned to God, were likened to the elder son in the Parable of the Lost Son (Luke 15:11-32). The father in the parable said, “It was right that we should make merry and be glad, for your brother was dead, and is alive again, and was lost and is found” (Luke 15:32).

6.  The Sin Gap

There was a huge chasm between God and man before Jesus came. Man could not bridge this gap.

Jesus bridged the gap. He told His disciples, “I am the Way, the Truth, and the Life. No one comes through the Father except through Me” (John 14:6). Paul wrote, “Through Him we both (Jew and Gentile B.H.) have access by one spirit (the Spirit’s revelation cf. Ephesians 2:18, 20; 3:3a, 5 – B.H.) to the Father” (Ephesians 2:18).

Jesus work to bridge the gap between God and man also resulted in the bridging the gap between Jew and Gentile. He “has made both (Jew and Gentile – B.H.) one” (Ephesians 2:14). He has reconciled them both (Jew and Gentile – B.H.) to God in one body (the church cf. Ephesians 1:22-23; – B.H.) through the cross” (Ephesians 2:16).

Jesus was a bridge builder; what about us? Jesus said, “Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called the Sons of God” (Matthew 5:9).

 

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Four Helps/Incentives from Hebrews 4

 “Let us therefore be diligent to enter into that rest, lest anyone  fall according to the same example of disobedience.”   Hebrews 4:11 

What helps, or incentives do we have to stay on track?

1.  The powerful word of God (Hebrews 4:12)

  It is “quick” (living or active). God’s word is not a dead letter  (1 Peter 1:23-25).

 It is “powerful.” It changes lives (Psalm 119:11; Romans 1:16; 1 Thessalonians 1:9-10; 2:13-14). Don’t forget to spend time  with it (Job 23:12; Psalm 19:10-11).

It is “sharp” and cuts very deeply within (Acts 2:37). It is God’s weapon to change  the world, and overcome evil (Ephesians 6:17). Note: brother Foy E. Wallace, Jr. once said, “It is said that the word is the sword that the Holy Spirit uses.  Rather, the word of God is the sword the Holy Spirit forged for us to use. If we do not wield it, then it will not be wielded.

It is “a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart.” Matthew Henry has written, “The word will turn the inside of a sinner out, and let him see all that is in the heart.”

2.  The all-seeing eye of God (Hebrews 4:13).    

As we go throughout life understand that God sees (and hears) all that we do (and say). He even knows what we think. We may fool man, but not God!

Read: Psalm 139:1-4; Proverbs 15:3; Ecclesiastes 12:14; Matthew 12:36; Revelation 2:23b.

3. We have the perfect example (Hebrews 4:14-15)

Men, even the best of men, are not our ultimate example. The religious leaders of old sinned (Hebrews 7:27). Preachers today are not without their flaws. They can disappoint. They can set forth a bad example.

Christ lived without sin (2 Corinthians 5:21; Hebrews 4:15; 1 Peter 2:22). We have the perfect example of how to live (John 13:15; Ephesians 5:2;  Philippians 2:5; Hebrews 12:3-4;  1 Peter 2:21, etc.). He did not just tell us how to live; He showed us how to live.

4. The privilege and power of prayer (Heb. 4:16 cf. 8:1-2;12:2)

We can approach God and ask for forgiveness when we sin, through our High Priest Jesus. Mercy and grace are available

Read: John 16:24; Acts 8:22; 1 Peter 5:7 1 John 1:8-9.

Remembering these things should help us stay the course, and enter into that rest to come. Let us run this race with all our might. May God bless you.

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